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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">njes</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономические системы</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2309-2076</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Дашков и К</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29030/2309-2076-2026-19-1-157-167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">njes-223</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИЗ И ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANALYSIS AND DIAGNOSTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование бизне с-моделей Amazon и Alibaba на основе статистического анализа ROE (рентабельности собственного капитала)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Conducting statistical analysis of return on equity (ROE) to evaluate business models of Amazon and Alibaba</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравцова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravtsova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Владимировна Кравцова – студент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina V. Kravtsova – student, Institute of International Trade and Sustai nable Development</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alina018k@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аронов</surname><given-names>И. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aronov</surname><given-names>I. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иосиф Зиновьевич Аронов – доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры «Торговое дело и торговое регулирование»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iosif Z. Aronov – doctor of technical economic sciences, professor, Department of trade and trade regulation</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aronoviz48@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панюкова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panyukova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вероника Васильевна Панюкова – кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры «Торговое дело и торговое регулирование»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika V. Panyukova – Ph.D. in economic sciences, associate professor, Department of trade and trade regulation</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.v.panyukova@inno.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт международной торговли и устойчивого развития МГИМО МИД России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">MGIMO, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный институт международных отношений (университет) МИД Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>157–167</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кравцова А.В., Аронов И.З., Панюкова В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кравцова А.В., Аронов И.З., Панюкова В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kravtsova A.V., Aronov I.Z., Panyukova V.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.njes.ru/jour/article/view/223">https://www.njes.ru/jour/article/view/223</self-uri><abstract><p>За последние десять лет произошла существенная трансформация рынка розничной торговли, в том числе за счет увеличения рыночной силы маркетплейсов. Компании Amazon и Alibaba формируют вектор развития глобального рынка электронной коммерции. Авторы провели качественный сравнительный анализ бизнес-моделей Amazon и Alibaba и в динамике рассмотрели показатели рентабельности собственного капитала (ROE) компаний. В результате ROE демонстрирует высокую волатильность, зависящую от фаз цикла инвестиций и возврата вложенных средств. Авторы делают вывод, что бизнес-модель Alibaba, будучи исторически адаптированной к условиям развивающегося рынка Китая, демонстрирует относительно более предсказуемую динамику маржи, но в последние годы сталкивается с вызовами, ограничивающими рентабельность. Модель Amazon, требующая постоянных высоких инвестиций, создает потенциал для сверхприбылей, но сопряжена с более высокими операционными и финансовыми рисками, что подтверждается большей амплитудой колебаний ROE.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Over the past ten years, the retail market has undergone a significant transformation. One of the transformative factors is the growing market power of marketplaces. Amazon and Alibaba currently shaping the vector of development of the global e-commerce market. The authors conducted a qualitative comparative analysis of the business models of Amazon and Alibaba and examined the dynamics of these companies’ return on equity (ROE). It was founded that ROE demonstrated high volatility, depending on the phases of the investment cycle and the return of invested funds. The authors conclude that Alibaba’s business model, being historically adapted to the conditions of the emerging Chinese market, demonstrates relatively more predictable margin dynamics, but in recent years has faced challenges limiting profitability. The Amazon model, which requires constant high investments, creates the potential for superprofits, but is associated with higher operational and financial risks, as evidenced by the greater amplitude of ROE fluctuations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маркетплейсы</kwd><kwd>Amazon</kwd><kwd>Alibaba</kwd><kwd>рентабельность собственного капитала (ROE)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>marketplaces</kwd><kwd>Amazon</kwd><kwd>Alibaba</kwd><kwd>return on equity (ROE)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qureshi M.M.A., Yadav S.K.S. Comparative Financial Analysis between world top two E-Commerce Companies: Amazon and Alibaba // International Journal of Trade &amp; CommerceIIARTC. 2022. Vol. 10, No. 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qureshi M.M.A., Yadav S.K.S. 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