Evolution of approaches to trade regulation in the Russian Federation

The article examines the evolution of approaches to trade regulation in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is determined by the changing role of trade in the national economy, the development of chain retail, the growth of e-commerce, the expansion of platform-based sales models, as well as the increasing importance of foreign trade regulation and import substitution. The content of the concept «approach to trade regulation» is revealed as the leading principle of state influence on the trade sphere, which determines regulatory risk, the object of regulation, the instruments applied, and the criteria for evaluating effectiveness. Based on the analysis of scientific publications, regulatory legal acts, and factual data on the development of retail and e-commerce, the main stages of changes in state influence on the trade sphere are identified. The consistent change of deregulating, institutional-legal, antimonopoly-contractual, consumer-oriented, platform-based, and foreign trade support approaches is substantiated. It is shown that modern trade regulation is formed at the intersection of trade, competition, consumer, digital, and foreign trade regulation.

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